1. Damage to the Fuel Pump
The gasoline in the tank helps lubricate and cool the fuel pump. Insufficient fuel in the tank means the fuel pump is not properly lubricated. As a result, driving with an empty tank and continuing without fuel puts excessive pressure on the pump and causes it to overheat, which can lead to pump failure.

2. Damage to the Catalytic Converter
Due to insufficient and improper fuel supply to the engine when driving with an empty tank, combustion does not occur properly. Consequently, the catalytic converter in the vehicle’s exhaust can be damaged, which may result in costly repairs.

If you must drive with an empty tank, follow these precautions:
Drive at a steady speed of around 65–80 km/h.
Keep the engine speed between 2,000 and 3,000 RPM.
Avoid excessive braking and sudden acceleration.
Roll up the windows to reduce wind resistance.
Turn off all electronic accessories and disconnect mobile phone chargers.
Check tire pressure, as under-inflated tires can increase fuel consumption.